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BACKGROUND:Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a causative agent in a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). These HPV‐related cancers have a clinicopathologic profile that diverges from HPV‐negative HNSCCs. Accordingly, HPV testing may soon become integrated into standard pathologic assessment of HNSCCs.
METHODS:Data were prospectively collected for all patients with head and neck...
BACKGROUND:Patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were stratified by p16 status, neck dissection, and chemotherapy to correlate these factors with outcomes.
METHODS:A total of 112 patients with OPSCC treated with IMRT from 2002 to 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received RT to 66‐70 Gray. Forty‐five of the...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an emerging causative factor for squamous carcinoma of the oropharynx and perhaps other head and neck cancers. There is a great deal of uncertainty regarding the clinical significance and implications of HPV status in this patient population. As a result, there is no established protocol for informing patients of the potential link between viral infection and their cancer...
BACKGROUND:Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 infection is associated with nonsmoking lung cancer. In this study, the authors investigated a putative correlation between interleukin (IL)‐17 expression and HPV infection in clinical nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and examined the effects of HPV infection on a human NSCLC cell line.
METHODS:IL‐17 expression was investigated in 79 NSCLC tumor...
BACKGROUND:The authors elucidated an etiologic role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in carcinoma of the bladder.
METHODS:One hundred seventeen of 224 patients with bladder carcinoma who were treated between 1997 and 2009 were enrolled in this study. The presence of HPV DNA was tested on frozen carcinoma tissues that were obtained by transurethral resection using a polymerases chain reaction‐based...
BACKGROUND:The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends catch‐up administration of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines to girls and women ages 13 to 26 who have not been vaccinated previously. In response to debate regarding catch‐up vaccination of young adult women, this study examined whether 18‐ to 26‐year‐old women most likely to benefit from catch‐up vaccination were aware of the...
BACKGROUND:Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proposed as an etiologic agent of breast cancer based on numerous reports of high‐risk (oncogenic) HPV types in malignant breast tissues. However, most of those studies used standard and nested solution polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, both of which are disadvantaged by vulnerability to laboratory contamination from positive control DNA and...
BACKGROUND:The p53 pathway plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability and preventing tumor formation. Given the roles of both MDM4 and HPV16 E6 oncoproteins in inhibition of p53 activity, we tested the hypothesis that MDM4 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of HPV16‐associated squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN).
METHODS:Genotyping was conducted on 3 tagging single...
BACKGROUND:Extracapsular spread (ECS) is commonly used to justify adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer. The role of ECS as a prognosticator and adjuvant therapy determinant in surgically resected, human papillomavirus‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), however, has never been determined.
METHODS:Of 210 oropharynx patients in a prospective transoral laser...
Personalized medicine based on predictive markers linked to drug response, it is hoped, will lead to improvements in outcomes and avoidance of unnecessary treatment in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Recent research has shown that expression of ERCC1 may predict resistance to treatment with platinum agents. Future testing for this marker may help select the optimal type of chemotherapy...
BACKGROUND:Completion of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in a large percentage of young females is an important goal to prevent anogenital cancers associated with HPV. The current study examined whether the percentage of insured women who complete the vaccine series has changed across time, and how provider type and age at initiation affects rates of completion.
METHODS:This retrospective...
BACKGROUND:Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) rates have been increasing significantly in recent years, despite a decreasing incidence of head and neck cancer in general. Oropharyngeal SCC has many characteristics that are distinct from other head and neck cancers, and thus it is important to focus specifically on cancers arising in this region, with the goal of improving patient outcomes...
BACKGROUND:In this retrospective review, the authors examined demographic/clinical characteristics and overall survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx at a tertiary cancer center, and they report the characteristics that influenced any observed survival trends over time.
METHODS:The study included 3891 newly diagnosed, previously untreated patients who presented at the...
BACKGROUND:Many women who develop cervical cancer are eligible for or are participants of Medicaid. Providing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination to girls enrolled in Medicaid may reduce cervical cancer disparities in low‐income and minority women. This study evaluated provider characteristics associated with HPV vaccination among 9‐ to 17‐year‐old female Medicaid enrollees.
METHODS:A random sample...
BACKGROUND:Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among young adult women has been reported to be very low. The authors conducted this study to provide an update on HPV vaccine uptake among 18‐ to 26‐year‐old women.
METHODS:The authors used the National Health Interview Survey 2010 data to estimate HPV vaccine coverage and their correlates.
RESULTS:Overall, 22.7% of women initiated (≥1 dose)...
BACKGROUND:Second primary malignancies (SPMs) are the leading cause of death in survivors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Synchronous SPMs are of significant clinical interest because they potentially can be identified by screening procedures at the time of diagnosis of the index cancer. Recently, human papillomavirus (HPV) has emerged as a distinct risk factor for oropharyngeal...
BACKGROUNDThe prevalence and prognostic value of human papillomavirus‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in Japan has not been evaluated.
METHODSOver a 12‐year period, the authors used immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of p16 (a cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor and tumor suppressor) in samples from 173 patients with OPSCC at a single institution and to determine...
BACKGROUNDUse of tobacco products, excessive alcohol consumption, and high‐risk sexual behaviors increase the risk of developing head and neck cancer and impacts treatment effectiveness after diagnosis. This study examined smoking and engagement in other modifiable behavioral risk factors and human papillomavirus (HPV) status in patients with head and neck cancer in order to facilitate identification...
BACKGROUNDA recent review of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry suggested that patients with index squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oropharynx (SCCOP) are less likely to develop second primary malignancies (SPM) than patients with index SCC of nonoropharyngeal sites (oral cavity, larynx, hypopharynx). The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of index primary...
BACKGROUNDCurrent vaccines protect against 2 human papillomavirus (HPV) types, HPV 16 and 18, which are associated with 70% of cervical cancers and 50% of high‐grade cervical lesions. HPV type distribution was examined among women with high‐grade lesions by individual and area‐based measures of race, ethnicity, and poverty.
METHODSThis analysis included 832 women aged 18 to 39 years reported to a...
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